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"Mandane" redirects here. For the town of ancient Cilicia, see Mandane
(Cilicia).
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Mandane
Born c. 584 BC
Ecbatana
Died 559 BC ?
Persis
Spouse Cambyses I
Issue Cyrus the Great
House Achaemenid
Father Astyages
Mother Aryenis
Religion Zoroastrianism
Mandana of Media (Old Iranian: Mandanā) was a Shahbanu of Media and, later,
the Queen consort of Cambyses I of Anshan and mother of Cyrus the Great,[1]
ruler of Persia's Achaemenid Empire.
Contents
1 Etymology
2 Mandana in Herodotus' histories
3 Mandane in Xenophon's Cyropedia
4 Death
5 Sources
Etymology
The name Mandane is a Latinized form derived from the Greek Μανδάνη,
Mandánē, itself from the Old Iranian name *Mandanā- which means delighting
and cheerful.[2]
Mandana in Herodotus' histories
According to Herodotus, Mandane was the daughter of Astyages, King of Media.
Shortly after her birth, Herodotus reports that Astyages had a strange dream
where his daughter urinated so much that Asia would flood.[3] He consulted the
magians who interpreted the dream as a warning that Mandane's son would
overthrow his rule. To forestall that outcome, Astyages betrothed Mandane to
the vassal prince, Cambyses I of Anshan, “a man of good family and quiet
habits”, whom Astyages considered no threat to the Median throne. Astyages
had a second dream when Mandane became pregnant where a vine grew from her
womb and overtook the world. Terrified, he sent his most loyal court retainer,
Harpagus, to kill the child. However, Harpagus was loath to spill royal blood
and hid the child, Cyrus II, with a shepherd named Mitradates. Years later,
Cyrus would defy his grandfather Astyages, leading to war between them; a war
that Cyrus would have lost, but for Harpagus' defection at the battle of
Pasargadae, leading to the overthrow of Astyages, as the dream had forecast.
Mandane in Xenophon's Cyropedia
Xenophon also gives reference to Mandane in his Cyropaedia (The Education of
Cyrus). In this story, Mandane and her son travel to Astyages' court, when
Cyrus is in his early teens. Cyrus charms his grandfather, who includes the
boy in royal hunts, while Mandane returns to her husband in Anshan. It is when
Cyrus concocts a story that his father, Cambyses I, is ill and returns to
visit him that Astyages comes after him and the battle is joined.
Death
There are references to Mandana's death as 559 BC; however, as this year is
considered the date of her husband's death (Cambyses I), it is unknown if that
is the actual date of her death or when she changed status from Queen Consort
to Queen Mother.
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